Key result
Among hospitalized patients with hypertensive crisis, the prevalence of hypertensive emergency was 29.8%, and female sex was independently associated with its occurrence (AOR 2.494; 95% CI 1.111-5.596).
Why the study?
The prevalence of hypertensive emergency and the characteristics of patients with hypertensive crisis were not certainly known in this setting.
Cross-Sectional (n=141)
No
Odds Ratio: 2.494 (95% CI 1.111–5.596)
Hypertensive emergency accounts for nearly 30% of hospitalized hypertensive crisis cases, with female sex and lack of prior hypertension history identified as significant independent risk factors.
Nearly 30% of hypertensive crises involved emergency; leaves open whether new-onset hypertension or female sex warrant targeted screening in similar settings.
BACKGROUND: Hypertensive emergency (HE) is an acute stage of uncontrolled blood pressure which poses a substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In our setting, the prevalence of HE and the characteristics of patients with a hypertensive crisis are not certainly known yet. OBJECTIVE: The study assessed the prevalence of hypertensive emergency and associated factors among hospitalized patients with hypertensive crisis. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing records of patients having a diagnosis of hypertensive crisis with systolic/diastolic blood pressure raised to more than 180/120 mmHg admitted to Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH) from September 2018 to August 2019. Patients' medical records with complete information were enrolled consecutively. Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and other related variables were collected using a structured data collection tool from patient medical records. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression was employed to determine factors associated with HE. RESULTS: A total of 141 patients' records with a diagnosis of a hypertensive crisis were enrolled in the study; the majority were females 77 (54.6%) and residing in the urban setting 104 (73.8%). The mean age of the participants was 58.8 years. HE was found in 42 (29.8%) of patients. Intravenous Hydralazine 39 (27.7%) and oral calcium channel blocker 102 (72.3%) were the prescribed drugs for acute blood pressure reduction in the emergency setting. Surprisingly, patients who had no history of hypertension (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.469; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.176‒0.933) and female sex (AOR=2.494; 95% CI: 1.111‒5.596) were found to be independently associated factors with HE. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HE was found to account a significant proportion of patients. Hence, hypertensive patients should be strictly managed accordingly, and promoting screening programs could reduce the risk of target organ damage.
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Desta et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertensive crisis (n=141). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Hypertensive emergency (AOR 2.494, 95% CI 1.111-5.596). Among hospitalized patients with hypertensive crisis, the prevalence of hypertensive emergency was 29.8%, and female sex was independently associated with its occurrence (AOR 2.494; 95% CI 1.111-5.596).
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