A theory of the thermodynamic behavior of non‐electrolyte solutions

A nonstatistical theory has been developed to account for the heat, entropy, and free energy changes accompanying the formation of binary non‐electrolyte solutions, and for associated thermodynamic properties such as activities, activity coefficients, osmotic pressures, and light‐scattering behavior. The theory considers the volume changes occurring during solution, the effective volume occupied by the molecules, their relative size, and their interactions as a function of temperature and concentration. Since the approach was general in character, the theory should be applicable to polymer solutions as well as to solutions of low molecular weight substances.