Key result
Normal-weight males had 16% higher large artery elastic index than normal-weight females due to increased lean mass, whereas no sex differences were observed in obese children.
Why the study?
Does sex and obesity affect vascular compliance in children aged 8-18 years?
Cross-Sectional (n=123)
Does sex and obesity affect vascular compliance in children aged 8-18 years?
Normal-weight boys have higher arterial compliance than normal-weight girls due to higher lean mass, but this sex difference is lost in obese children.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Obesity may blunt sex differences in pediatric arterial compliance; leaves open whether lean mass causally influences vascular health.
Objectives. To determine the effect of sex and obesity on vascular function in children and explore potential mechanisms that account for differences in vascular function. Methods. Participants were 61 (30 boys) normal-weight (BMI 25-75% ile for age and sex) and 62 (30 boys) obese (BMI ≥ 95% ile) children of ages 8-18 years. Measurements of large and small artery elastic index (LAEI and SAEI, resp.) and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) were obtained at rest, along with anthropometric and biochemical information. Results. In normal-weight children, LAEI was 16% higher in males than females (P = 0.04) with a similar trend for SAEI (13% higher in males, P = 0.067). In obese children, no sex-related differences in vascular measures were observed. In multivariable models, sex differences in arterial compliance were explained by higher lean mass in normal-weight boys. Fat mass predicted LAEI and SAEI in both normal-weight and obese females, but fat mass predicted arterial compliance in boys when fat mass exceeded 24 kg (37% of the sample). Conclusions. Normal-weight males have higher arterial compliance than normal-weight females due to increased lean mass, but sex-related differences were not observed among obese children due to a lack of sex-related differences in lean or fat mass.
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Tryggestad et al. (2012) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity (n=123). Male sex vs. Female sex was evaluated on Large artery elastic index (LAEI) (16% higher, p=0.04). Normal-weight males had 16% higher large artery elastic index than normal-weight females due to increased lean mass, whereas no sex differences were observed in obese children.
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