Key result
Neonatal seizures were associated with significant differences in multiscale sample and fuzzy entropy of heart rate variability compared to seizure-free newborns (p<0.05).
Why the study?
Neonatal seizures are challenging to detect, prompting investigation into whether multiscale heart rate variability entropy indexes could detect abnormal heart rate dynamics and discriminate between newborns with seizures and seizure-free newborns.
Does multiscale entropy analysis of heart rate variability detect abnormal heart rate dynamics in neonatal patients with seizures?
Observational (n=52)
No
Does multiscale entropy analysis of heart rate variability detect abnormal heart rate dynamics in neonatal patients with seizures?
p-value: p=< 0.05
Multiscale entropy analysis of heart rate variability can significantly differentiate between neonatal patients with and without seizures, suggesting its potential as a pre-screening tool.
Supports further exploration of AI-EEG methods for neonatal seizure detection; leaves open need for prospective validation before clinical use.
The complex physiological dynamics of neonatal seizures make their detection challenging. A timely diagnosis and treatment, especially in intensive care units, are essential for a better prognosis and the mitigation of possible adverse effects on the newborn’s neurodevelopment. In the literature, several electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have been proposed for a parametric characterization of seizures or their detection by artificial intelligence techniques. At the same time, other sources than EEG, such as electrocardiography, have been investigated to evaluate the possible impact of neonatal seizures on the cardio-regulatory system. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is attracting great interest as a valuable tool in newborns applications, especially where EEG technologies are not easily available. This study investigated whether multiscale HRV entropy indexes could detect abnormal heart rate dynamics in newborns with seizures, especially during ictal events. Furthermore, entropy measures were analyzed to discriminate between newborns with seizures and seizure-free ones. A cohort of 52 patients (33 with seizures) from the Helsinki University Hospital public dataset has been evaluated. Multiscale sample and fuzzy entropy showed significant differences between the two groups (p-value < 0.05, Bonferroni multiple-comparison post hoc correction). Moreover, interictal activity showed significant differences between seizure and seizure-free patients (Mann-Whitney Test: p-value < 0.05). Therefore, our findings suggest that HRV multiscale entropy analysis could be a valuable pre-screening tool for the timely detection of seizure events in newborns.
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Frassineti et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Neonatal seizures (n=52). Neonatal seizures vs. Seizure-free newborns was evaluated on Multiscale sample and fuzzy entropy of heart rate variability (p=< 0.05). Neonatal seizures were associated with significant differences in multiscale sample and fuzzy entropy of heart rate variability compared to seizure-free newborns (p<0.05).
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