Multi objective optimization of aerodynamic design of high speed railway windbreaks using Lattice Boltzmann Method and wind tunnel test results

This article proposes a combination of the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and wind tunnel test results with Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) on aerodynamic design of high speed railway windbreaks. A two dimensional model of a high speed train with the inclusion of a variety of windbreaks are considered. Optimization methods are considered for the minimization of the aerodynamic coefficients for windbreaks of particular shapes. The searching space for the design parameters include the windbreak geometry and its position in the track. The potential flow solver is based on a modern method in computational fluid dynamics, namely the Lattice Boltzmann Method. 2D simulations based on LBM on a type of high speed train at the presence of a variety of windbreaks are studied. Results are verified through wind tunnel tests on a scaled model of the train. For optimum design, LBM simulations are combined with the Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm.