A study using field test results was conducted to determine the effect of live load for the slab-and-beam bridge structures. From the field testing of four existing bridge structures under the real truck loading, the live load distribution factors (DFs) are deducted from the measured strain gauge values and then determined by using several methods developed by the study team. The final results for each bridge are compared against some of the previously developed methods and design codes. The distribution factor concluded from testing results should be showing lower bound values. Results are given in tabulated forms and conclusions about the distribution factors for each bridge are reached from these tables.
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Fu et al. (1996) studied this question.