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Granular systems built from well-defined Bi clusters with rhombohedral bulk structure show, in contrast to bulk Bi, the occurrence of superconductivity. The experimental facts of a strong size dependence of Tc and an influence of the surrounding matrix or adsorbed gas on normal-state resistivity {ρ}(0) and Tc can be satisfactorily explained by assuming the occurrence of surface superconductivity due to a strongly increased density of states N(εF) at the cluster surface.
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Weitzel et al. (1991) studied this question.
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