Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Treatment of cultured epidermal cells with the tumor promoter, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in a 75% inhibition of the normal isoproterenol stimulated 7-fold increase in cAMP accumulation. Maximum inhibition occurred 3 h after PMA treatment. The effect of phorbol ester on the beta-adrenergic system in mouse epidermis thus appears to be due to its action on the epidermal cell membrane and does not require mediation by macrophages.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Garte et al. (1983) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: