The ions present in sea-water are normally adsorbed by sand. 2. Percolation of sea-water through sand causes a slight abnormality in the concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions, due to the fact that sand is not an inert adsorbing agent, but is capable of discharging calcium ions into the water in exchange for magnesium and sodium. 3. The extent of adsorption and exchange is insufficient to cause hydrolysis and alteration in pH if the bulk of the sea-water is large.
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Flaxney Percival Stowell (1927) studied this question.
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