What does this research mean for the field?

Marx and Engels' concept of class demonstrates both continuity and evolution across their works, originating as a theoretical framework based on production and property relations in The German Ideology and sharpening into a political focus on class struggle in The Communist Manifesto. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To examine how Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels conceptualize class across The German Ideology and The Communist Manifesto.

August 29, 2026Open Access

The Concept of Class in Marx and Engels: A Study of the German Ideology and the Communist Manifesto

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To examine how Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels conceptualize class across The German Ideology and The Communist Manifesto.
Qualitative conceptual and comparative textual analysis of The German Ideology and The Communist Manifesto.
Identifies class not merely as an income- or occupation-based stratum, but as a relational position determined by historically specific systems of material production, division of labour, and property ownership.
Demonstrates that The German Ideology establishes the materialist foundation of class emergence, while The Communist Manifesto sharpens the concept politically by positioning the bourgeoisie-proletariat struggle as the primary driver of historical change.

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Implication

Qualitative textual analysis reveals dynamic class concepts across foundational texts, highlighting theoretical continuity from structural production relations to active political struggle.

Cite This Study

Nilen Sinha (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9299c88e5d7d1fc0c12008 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22126823

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Implication

Qualitative textual analysis reveals dynamic class concepts across foundational texts, highlighting theoretical continuity from structural production relations to active political struggle.

The Concept of Class in Marx and Engels: A Study of the German Ideology and the Communist Manifesto

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Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

The Concept of Class in Marx and Engels: A Study of the German Ideology and the Communist Manifesto

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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