Key result
Positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging has a mean sensitivity and specificity of around 90% for the detection of angiographically significant coronary artery disease.
Why the study?
Non-invasive assessment of ischemic heart disease remains challenging despite numerous diagnostic modalities, requiring a summary of the clinical role and capabilities of positron emission tomography.
What is the role and diagnostic accuracy of PET imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease?
What is the role and diagnostic accuracy of PET imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease?
PET is a highly accurate imaging modality (around 90% sensitivity and specificity) for diagnosing, risk-stratifying, and assessing viability in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Supports PET MPI for CAD detection in ischemic heart disease; leaves open comparative effectiveness versus other modalities.
Non-invasive assessment of ischemic heart disease remains a challenging task, even with a large armory of diagnostic modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) is an advanced radionuclide technique that has been available for decades. Originally used as a research tool that contributed to advances in the understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology, it is now becoming established in clinical practice and is increasingly used in the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with ischemic heart disease. PET myocardial perfusion imaging has a mean sensitivity and specificity of around 90% for the detection of angiographically significant coronary artery disease, and is also highly accurate for assessing the prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease. Depending on the radiotracer used, it can provide information not only on myocardial perfusion but also on myocardial metabolism, which is essential for viability assessment. The potential of this imaging technique has been further increased with the introduction of hybrid scanners, which combine PET with computed tomography or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, offering integrated morphological and functional information and hence comprehensive assessment of the effects of atherosclerosis on the myocardium. The scope of this review is to summarize the role of PET in ischemic heart disease. A multiplicidade de técnicas de diagnóstico existentes, para avaliação da doença cardíaca isquémica, pode representar um desafio na escolha da mais adequada se não forem conhecidas as características de cada uma, nomeadamente, potencialidades, disponibilidade, riscos inerentes e custos. A tomografia de emissão de positrões (PET) é uma técnica de imagem com várias décadas de evolução. Usada inicialmente no campo da investigação, contribuiu para avanços significativos na compreensão da fisiopatolologia cardiovascular. Atualmente, tem um papel cada vez mais relevante no diagnóstico e estratificação de risco da doença cardíaca isquémica. A imagem de perfusão miocárdica por PET tem uma especificidade e sensibilidade médias de 90% para a deteção de doença coronária arterial significativa. Dependendo do radiofármaco escolhido, a informação poderá versar sobre a perfusão miocárdica mas também sobre o seu metabolismo, essencial, na apreciação da viabilidade. O potencial desta técnica de imagem aumentou com a introdução das câmaras híbridas que a combinam com a tomografia computorizada ou com a ressonância magnética cardíaca. Estas integram informação morfológica e funcional, fornecendo uma avaliação completa das consequências da aterosclerose no miocárdio. Com esta revisão pretendeu dar-se uma panorâmica da aplicação da PET no âmbito da doença cardíaca isquémica.
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Maria João Ferreira (2019) conducted a review in Ischemic heart disease. Positron emission tomography (PET) was evaluated. Positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging has a mean sensitivity and specificity of around 90% for the detection of angiographically significant coronary artery disease.
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