Key result
Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue demonstrated a significantly higher fractional release of MCP-1 compared to femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue (31.6% vs 24.2%) in postmenopausal women.
Why the study?
Upper and lower body fat accumulation carry opposing obesity-related cardiometabolic disease risks, which depot differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue function may underlie.
Cross-Sectional (n=23)
Yes
Absolute Event Rate: 31.6% vs 24.2%
p-value: p=0.023
Upper and lower body subcutaneous adipose tissue and adipocytes exhibit distinct inflammatory signatures in postmenopausal women, independent of adipocyte size.
Regional adipose sampling may be warranted in postmenopausal research; leaves open whether depot differences affect clinical risk.
Introduction Upper and lower body fat accumulation poses an opposing obesity-related cardiometabolic disease risk. Depot-differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) function may underlie these associations. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory signatures of abdominal (ABD) and femoral (FEM) SAT in postmenopausal women with normal weight or obesity. Methods We included 23 postmenopausal women with normal weight (n = 13) or obesity (n = 10). In vivo secretion of adipokines from ABD and FEM SAT was measured using the arterio-venous balance technique. Adipokine gene expression and adipocyte morphology were examined in ABD and FEM SAT. Furthermore, adipokine expression and secretion were investigated in vitro using differentiated human primary ABD and FEM subcutaneous adipocytes derived from the study participants. Results Plasma leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 concentrations were higher, and ABD and FEM adipocytes were larger in women with obesity than normal weight. No differences in adipocyte size and blood flow were apparent between ABD and FEM SAT. We found significant release of leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 from ABD and FEM SAT, with higher fractional release of MCP-1 from ABD than FEM SAT. Gene expression of leptin, PAI-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α was lower in ABD than FEM SAT and higher in women with obesity than normal weight. In ABD adipocytes, interleukin-6, PAI-1, and leptin gene expression were higher, while adiponectin and dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 gene expression were lower than in FEM adipocytes. Finally, ABD adipocytes secreted less MCP-1 compared to FEM adipocytes. Discussion These findings demonstrate that upper and lower body SAT and adipocytes are characterized by distinct inflammatory signatures in postmenopausal women, which seem independent of adipocyte size.
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Lempesis et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity (n=23). Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue vs. Femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue was evaluated on Fractional release of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (p=0.023). Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue demonstrated a significantly higher fractional release of MCP-1 compared to femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue (31.6% vs 24.2%) in postmenopausal women.
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