An Anatomic, Radiographic, and Biomechanical Assessment of Extrapedicular Screw Fixation in the Thoracic Spine

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

This study performed a thorough review of the pertinent thoracic spine anatomy to determine the appropriate landmarks for extrapedicular screw placement and indentified the anatomic structures at risk; assessed the safety and accuracy of the newly proposed screw insertion technique; determined the stability and strength of this new screw position through biomechanical testing; and analyzed the stability of this extrapedicular screw location with respect to bone mineral density of the vertebra.