Evidence has been presented to show that, in all probability, the endocrine polypeptide (APUD) cells of Duodenumthe gut and its derivatives, especially the pancreas, are de rived from the neural crest. Setting aside, for the present, the truth or otherwise of this hypothesis, attempts have been made to estimate the mass of portions of the endocrine gut. It has been calculated that the volume of the endocrine stomach alone is greater than that of the pituitary gland. The consequences which arise from the concept of the gut as an endocrine organ are fully discussed.
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A. G. E. Pearse (2009) studied this question.