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The mechanism of the chlorobenzene single-step liftoff process is defined. The chlorobenzene penetrates to some depth into the resist film during the soaking cycle, extracting residual casting solvent and low-molecular-weight resin species. The chlorobenzene is subsequently removed by a rinse cycle. The penetrated layer of resist develops at a slower rate than the underlying bulk resist, producing the liftoff structure.
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Halverson et al. (1982) studied this question.
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