A comparison of intelligibility among natural speech and seven speech synthesizers with listeners from three age groups

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

This investigation examined the intelligibility of natural speech and the synthetic speech produced by the Smoothtalker 3.0 male, Smoothtalker 2.0 male, Smoothtalker 2.0 female, RealVoice female, Attic R65B, Votrax SC02, and Lightwriter voices. All of these are commonly used in portable communication devices currently available on the commercial market. Both single word and sentence intelligibility across listeners from three age groups (7–8 year olds, 11–12 year olds, and adults) were assessed using tasks presented with no contextual cues. The results revealed Age Group X Voice interactions for both the word and sentence tasks, indicating different patterns of intelligibility across the age groups. The individual patterns, their implications, and future research directions arising from this study are described in detail.