Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
By monitoring the thermal noise of a vertically oriented micromechanical force sensor, we detect the viscoelastic response to shear for water in a subnanometer confinement. Measurements in pure water as well as under acidic and high-ionic-strength conditions relate this response to the effect of surface-adsorbed cations, which, because of their hydration, act as pinning centers restricting the mobility of the confined water molecules.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Ulčinas et al. (2011) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: