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The evolution of mitral valve surgery from 1902 to 2002 progressed from closed mitral commissurotomy to prosthetic valves, valve repair, and minimally invasive robotic techniques.
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This paper provides a comprehensive historical overview of the evolution of mitral valve surgery over a century, highlighting the progression from early experimental procedures to modern minimally invasive and robotic techniques.
The evolution of the surgical therapy of mitral valve disease emanates from original statements by British cardiologists in 1902 and anecdotal individual surgical cases in 1923 and 1925. Considerable amounts of experimental investigation during these years and after World War II in 1948 finally resulted in the widespread use of closed mitral commissurotomy, a successful therapy for noncalcified mitral stenosis. The history of mitral valve surgery then rapidly progressed with a variety of prosthetic and bioprosthetic valve devices, ultimately, to a considerable number of successful valve repair operations with prosthetic ring annuloplasty. The authors conclude with a discussion of the current status of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery, both by direct vision and robotic assistance. The entire evolution of thought and technique of mitral valve surgery is summarized in this paper from 1902-2002.
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Cohn et al. (2003) conducted a review in Mitral valve disease. Mitral valve surgery was evaluated. The evolution of mitral valve surgery from 1902 to 2002 progressed from closed mitral commissurotomy to prosthetic valves, valve repair, and minimally invasive robotic techniques.
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