Key result
In a computational model of arterial stenosis, spiral blood flow increased total pressure and velocity while reducing turbulent kinetic energy at Re=500 compared to non-spiral flow.
Computational modeling demonstrates that spiral blood flow alters hemodynamics in arterial stenosis, reducing turbulent kinetic energy at lower Reynolds numbers.
Spiral flow hemodynamics in modeled stenosis merit experimental testing; leaves open translation to human disease or devices.
The spiral component of blood flow has both beneficial and detrimental effects in human circulatory system [Stonebridge PA, Brophy CM. Spiral laminar flow in arteries? Lancet 1991; 338: 1360-1]. We investigate the effects of the spiral blood flow in a model of three-dimensional arterial stenosis with a 75% cross-sectional area reduction at the centre by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. The standard k-omega model is employed for simulation of the blood flow for the Reynolds number of 500 and 1000. We find that for Re=500 the spiral component of the blood flow increases both the total pressure and velocity of the blood, and some significant differences are found between the wall shear stresses of the spiral and non-spiral induced flow downstream of the stenosis. The turbulent kinetic energy is reduced by the spiral flow as it induces the rotational stabilities in the forward flow. For Re=1000 the tangential component of the blood velocity is most influenced by the spiral speed, but the effect of the spiral flow on the centreline turbulent kinetic energy and shear stress is mild. The results of the effects of the spiral flow are discussed in the paper along with the relevant pathological issues.
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Paul et al. (2009) studied Arterial stenosis. Spiral blood flow vs. Non-spiral induced flow was evaluated on Total pressure, velocity, wall shear stresses, and turbulent kinetic energy. In a computational model of arterial stenosis, spiral blood flow increased total pressure and velocity while reducing turbulent kinetic energy at Re=500 compared to non-spiral flow.
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