Absorption kinetics of vitamins and minerals from a novel nutritional product in physically active adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial

Background/objectives Nutrient interactions in multi-ingredient supplements may influence micronutrient absorption and bioavailability, yet pharmacokinetic data exploring these interactions remains generally limited. This clinical trial assessed the acute absorption phase of key micronutrients in AG1, a comprehensive nutritional supplement containing vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and phytochemicals. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial 16 healthy adults (8 males and 8 females) consumed a single serving (13 g) of AG1 or a taste- and appearance-matched placebo mixed in water, following a 10-h overnight fast. Each condition was separated by a 1-week washout period. Blood samples were collected 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 480 min post-ingestion. Plasma concentrations of folate, calcium, zinc, vitamin C, biotin, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamine, and hesperidin were measured. The absorption phase was generally characterized using area under the curve (AUC 0-480 min ), C max , and T max . Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. Statistical analysis included repeated-measures ANOVA and paired t-tests. Results AG1 significantly increased AUC 0-480 min values ( p < 0.05) for all measured nutrients except pyridoxine which revealed a weak trend ( p = 0.1205). Both AG1 and placebo were well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported. Conclusion Acute consumption of AG1 resulted in measurable increases in circulating levels of most of the tested micronutrients, indicating effective absorption. These findings suggest that AG1 may influence nutrient status in healthy adults. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov , identifier NCT06316700.