At a confluence, a separated shear layer accompanying a recirculating region is formed, which decreases the efficiency of the flow. In this study, the hodograph method is applied to the flow at a confluence to make clear the characteristics of separated streamlines. A free streamline and a boundary streamline which represents the center of a separated shear layer and the boundary between the combined flows respectively, are calculated for arbitrary confluence angles and channel width ratios. Also, a shape factor of a recirculating region is theoretically obtained with a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
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FUJITA et al. (1988) studied this question.
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