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Tracy L. Simpson, Paul E. Fell, Dormancy among the Porifera: Gemmule Formation and Germination in Fresh-Water and Marine Sponges, Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, Vol. 93, No. 4, Symposium: Perspectives on the Biology of Dormancy (Oct., 1974), pp. 544-577
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Simpson et al. (1974) studied this question.
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