Graphene-Aerogel-Based Composite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review

High-performance anode materials are central to improving the energy storage performance of lithium-ion batteries. Owing to their three-dimensionally interconnected porous networks, excellent electronic conductivity, and effective mechanical buffering capability, graphene aerogels have become promising host architectures for high-capacity active materials in composite anodes. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in graphene-aerogel-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, emphasizing graphene-aerogel synthesis, integration with active materials such as Si-based compounds and metal oxides, and modification strategies based on carbon coating and elemental doping. The effects of different fabrication routes on rate capability and cycle life are compared. Their influence on the initial Coulombic efficiency, specific capacity, and long-term cycling stability of LIB anodes is then critically evaluated, and prospective optimization strategies and application opportunities are discussed. This review provides a structured basis for the design and development of high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.