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August 30, 2026Karbala International Journal of Modern ScienceOpen Access

Enhanced Osseointegration of Functionally Graded Co˗Cr˗Mo˗Ti/HA Implants: In Vitro and In Vivo Study in a Rabbit Model

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Authors

AHAfrah M. Al HussaineyMustansiriyah UniversityRHRanda Kamel HussainMustansiriyah UniversityAMAseel Mustafa Abdul MajeedMustansiriyah University

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Implication

Preclinical study demonstrates that acid-etched Co-Cr-Mo-Ti/HA implants enhance bone integration in rabbits, indicating superior biocompatibility and osteoblast response.

Key Points

  • Evaluate the effects of hydrochloric acid and Nd:YAG laser surface modifications on the surface morphology, biocompatibility, and osseointegration of functionally graded Co-Cr-Mo-Ti/HA implants.
  • Modified Co-Cr-Mo-Ti/HA implant surfaces using either hydrochloric acid (HCl) etching or an Nd:YAG laser, maintaining untreated implants as controls.
  • Characterized surface roughness with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and assessed cell viability in vitro using an MTT assay.
  • Evaluated bone formation and bone-implant contact histologically in a rabbit model and measured systemic toxicity through liver and kidney biochemical markers.
  • Acid treatment generated the highest mean surface roughness (Sa = 58.10 ± 0.24 nm) compared to laser treatment (42.64 ± 0.83 nm) and untreated controls (37.73 ± 0.89 nm).
  • Cell viability reached 98.31 ± 2.91% on acid-treated surfaces, stimulating significantly greater osteoblast interaction and proliferation than untreated controls (p < 0.05).
  • Histological analysis revealed enhanced bone-implant contact, active osteoblasts, and organized trabecular bone in the acid-treated group without inducing liver or kidney biomarker toxicity.

Cite This Study

Hussainey et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a93f1736c1a8fb52e79e692https://doi.org/10.33640/2405-609x.3477
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