Nonlinear behavior of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diodes is exploited to perform all-optical up-conversion by second- and third-order mixing. We investigate and explain conditions for optimum frequency mixing with a common WLAN IEEE 802.11a signal. Then, we apply these findings to the transmission of an ultra-wideband (UWB) multiband-OFDM ECMA-368 signal over a fiber-optic link. We demonstrate direct modulation with the UWB signal up to 10.3 GHz and perform up-conversion to frequencies as high as 16 GHz, far beyond the cutoff frequency of the VCSEL diode.
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Schimpf et al. (2009) studied this question.
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