Adsorption, Multiplication, and Cytopathogenicity of Enteroviruses (Poliomyelitis, Coxsackie, and Echo Groups) in Susceptible and Resistant Monkey Kidney Cells

Summary Experiments with virus adsorption were designed in an attempt to elucidate the differences in susceptibility to the enteroviruses of patas and rhesus monkey kidney cells. This study indicates that the greater number of poliovirus plaques appearing on patas monolayer was due to cell susceptibility rather than to differences of adsorptive capacity among the virus particles. All the poliomyelitis, Coxsackie, and ECHO viruses tested were adsorbed on both rhesus and patas cells regardless of degree of viral susceptibility of the cells. Thus, while the failure to induce plaques may in some instances be due to the failure to adsorb, as reported for poliovirus on South American capuchin monkey kidney cells, this study showed that other factors in the infection cycle may be involved. Both Coxsackie A9 and ECHO-1, to which patas cells are apparently resistant, did multiply in patas cells to a limited extent when large inocula were used, although cytopathic changes were questionable or minimal. Coxsackie A9 virus could not be detected after its inoculation into patas cultures, even when the inoculum contained 500 rhesus PFU. The virus disappeared at the end of an hour and could not be detected in either the fluid phase or in cells thereafter. Neither virus produced plaques in patas cells under agar nor cytopathic changes in fluid medium when the inoculum was used in low concentration.