Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Computer simulations and experiments have been performed to quantify the effects of nozzle shape and skimmer placement on high-density supersonic jets. It is shown that the on axis beam intensity achieved is much higher than intensity achieved using standard sonic nozzles. Changes in skimmer design and positioning are required to allow this intense jet to propagate in a typical supersonic beam setup.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Luria et al. (2011) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: