We have found that the co-evaporated film of Gd-Fe possesses a perpendicular easy axis anisotropy sufficient to cause the magnetization to be normal to the film plane. The critical thickness to obtain the perpendicular domain is about 500 Å at the room temperature. However, both Gd-Co and Gd-Ni alloy films do not possess a perpendicular easy axis anisotropy in the thickness range from 0 to 1000 Å.
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Imamura et al. (1975) studied this question.
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