Key result
Meeting Gold Standards Framework criteria in acute coronary syndrome patients was associated with higher one-year all-cause mortality.
Why the study?
Does meeting Gold Standards Framework (GSF) criteria predict one-year mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Cohort (n=629)
Yes
Does meeting Gold Standards Framework (GSF) criteria predict one-year mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome?
The Gold Standards Framework is a useful multidimensional tool to identify ACS patients at high risk of one-year mortality who may benefit from palliative and end-of-life care.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May aid GSF-based identification of high-risk ACS patients for palliative care; leaves open need for prospective validation.
BACKGROUND: Identifying patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are approaching the end of life and who may not benefit from an aggressive interventional approach is important but clinically challenging. The Gold Standards Framework (GSF) prognostic guide was developed using multidimensional criteria to identify cancer patients who could benefit from end-of-life care. We assessed the utility of the GSF to predict one-year mortality in ACS patients. METHODS: ACS patients admitted between May 2012 and July 2013 at the three participating cardiac centres in Europe were enrolled. Patients were assessed during admission using the GSF, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, the age, creatinine, ejection fraction (ACEF) score and the New York Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (NY-PCI) risk score. The pre-specified primary outcome was all-cause mortality at one year; secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death, non-cardiovascular mortality, re-hospitalisation for ACS and re-hospitalisation for non-ACS causes. RESULTS: Six hundred and twenty-nine ACS patients were enrolled and one-year follow-up data was available for 626 patients. Fifty-two patients (8.3%) met GSF criteria for end-of-life care. These patients were older, predominantly female, had lower body mass index (BMI), and were less likely to receive angiography (75% vs 95%, p<0.001) and angioplasty (60% vs 77%, p=0.005) compared with patients who did not meet GSF criteria. Patients meeting GSF criteria had higher one-year all-cause mortality (42.3% vs 4.5%, p<0.001), cardiovascular mortality (15.4% vs 2.8%, p<0.001) and non-cardiovascular mortality (26.9% vs 1.7%; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that meeting GSF criteria independently predicted all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: GSF is a multidimensional tool which may be used to identify ACS patients that are at high risk of death and may benefit from end-of-life care.
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Moretti et al. (2016) conducted a cohort in Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (n=629). Meeting Gold Standards Framework (GSF) criteria vs. Not meeting GSF criteria was evaluated on All-cause mortality at one year (p=<0.001). Meeting Gold Standards Framework criteria in acute coronary syndrome patients was associated with higher one-year all-cause mortality.
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