Electron injection into porous TiO2 is investigated by current–voltage, dark current transients, impedance spectroscopy and photocurrent transients. Strong electron injection takes place and the existence of positive compensating charge has been shown. The compensating charge is originated by polarization of the TiO2 nanoparticles. A scenario has been proposed for the processes of injection and formation of conducting channels in porous TiO2.
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Кытин et al. (2001) studied this question.