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A bilayered ZnO photoanode was constructed for dye-sensitized solar cells with a high conversion efficiency of 4.0%. One layer made of ZnO nanocrystallites increases dye adsorption, and the other consisting of ZnO nanorod aggregates provides a directed electron pathway for the electron transport together with a prominent aggregation-induced light scattering.
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Zheng et al. (2011) studied this question.
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