Key result
Among 85 children with isolated ventricular septal defect, 71.6% had perimembranous defects and 55.3% required surgical intervention, though only 61.2% of those indicated underwent surgical repair.
Why the study?
Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital heart disease, prompting investigation of its echographic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects at the Hôpital National Ignace Deen.
Cohort (n=85)
No
In a Guinean cohort of children with isolated VSD, late detection is common, and despite the lack of a local cardiac surgery center, a significant proportion underwent surgical repair abroad through humanitarian efforts.
Introduction: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease of all congenital heart defects. The aim of this study was to investigate the echographic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of ventricular septal defects (VSD) in the general cardiology department of the Hôpital National Ignace Deen. Methods: A retrospective data collection was carried out from January 2018 to December 2023 including 85 cases of isolated IVC was performed. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary. Results: Of the 320 patients seen during the study period for congenital heart disease, 85 (26.556%) were isolated IVCs. Age at diagnosis ranged from 3 months to 16 years, with an average age of 3.59 years. The most represented ethnic group was the Fulani (50.58%). The 8.24% came from consanguineous marriage versus 22.35%. 91.76% of children had a history of bronchitis. The most common clinical signs found were systolic murmur (90.58%), growth retardation (51.76%). Only 4 cases (4.70%) had a malformation associated with IVC represented by DiGeorges disease (2.35%) and trisomy 21 (2.35%). Nearly half the patients had type IIb VIC (44.71%). The other half were represented by type 1 (18.82%), type IIa (20%), type III (10.59%) and type IV (5.88%). According to site more than two-thirds of VICs (71.64%) were perimembranous in location, followed by infundibular (16.47%) and muscular (11.76%) VICs. In our study 55.29% presented an indication for both surgical intervention and medical treatment, while 16.47% required only medical treatment. In contrast, 28.23% were placed under exclusive surveillance. Of the 47 patients for whom surgery was indicated, 29 (61.17%) underwent surgical repair, while 18 (38.83%) were awaiting confirmation for surgery. Conclusion: VIC is the most common congenital heart disease. An early detection strategy and the establishment of specialized centers could improve the outcome of these children.
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Bah et al. (2024) conducted a cohort in Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect (n=85). Ventricular Septal Defect was evaluated on Clinical, echocardiographic, and therapeutic characteristics. Among 85 children with isolated ventricular septal defect, 71.6% had perimembranous defects and 55.3% required surgical intervention, though only 61.2% of those indicated underwent surgical repair.
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