Key result
Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of depression compared to vitamin D sufficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (adjusted OR 6.15).
Why the study?
Is vitamin D deficiency associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease?
Cross-Sectional (n=533)
Is vitamin D deficiency associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease?
Odds Ratio: 6.15 (95% CI 2.02–8.75)
Absolute Event Rate: 50% vs 32.5%
p-value: p=0.001
Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with a significantly higher prevalence of depression in patients with chronic kidney disease.
May support depression screening in vitamin D-deficient CKD; leaves open causal role and supplementation benefit.
BACKGROUND: Depression is reported to be the most common psychological problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have reported that lower levels of serum vitamin D are significantly associated with depression. Both vitamin D deficiency and depression are prevalent in patients with CKD, yet the relationship between these two factors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and depression among CKD patients. METHODS: Totally, 21,257 individuals who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI) from 2010-2014 were screened for the study; 533 CKD patients were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] ≤10 ng/mL. Patients were divided into vitamin D deficient or sufficient groups. Depression was screened for using the Korean version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form. The association between vitamin D deficiency and depression was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean participant age was 70.1±9.4 years; 262 patients (49.2%) were male. The median 25(OH)D3 level was 19.1±6.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of depression was higher in CKD patients than in the general population (14.3 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in CKD patients with (vs. without) vitamin D deficiency (32.5% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.02-8.75; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Depression was highly prevalent in CKD patients, in whom vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression. Therefore, management of vitamin D deficiency might help prevent depression in CKD patients.
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Jhee et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Chronic kidney disease (n=533). Vitamin D deficiency vs. Vitamin D sufficiency was evaluated on Depression (adjusted OR 6.15, 95% CI 2.02-8.75, p=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of depression compared to vitamin D sufficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (adjusted OR 6.15).
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