Analysis of finite and curved frequency‐selective surfaces using the hybrid volume‐surface integral equation approach

In practical applications, frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) are finite, and sometimes even curved. In this paper, we present a hybrid volume‐surface integral‐equation approach to analyze the transmission and reflection characteristics of finite and curved FFS structures. The hybrid integral equations are established using the surface‐ and volume‐equivalent principles. This approach has two advantages. One is the capability of modeling arbitrarily shaped FSS structures in detail, the other one allows us to easily apply the multilevel fast multiple algorithm to speed up the solution process. The scattering characteristics and frequency responses of several FSSs are analyzed. The simulation results show that for a finite‐sized FSS, reducing the radius of curvature causes amplitude variation, frequency shift, and bandwidth change in the reflection and transmission responses.