Medical Mediastinal Emphysema

Article1 January 1961MEDICAL MEDIASTINAL EMPHYSEMAGERALD P. BODEY, M.D.GERALD P. BODEY, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-1-46 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONMediastinal emphysema is characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinum, and has been recognized at least since 1819, when Laennec described it under the title of "interlobular emphysema" as follows: "This affectation is characterized by infiltration of air between the lobules of the lung. . . . When the extravasation exists near the roots of the lungs, it speedily extends to the mediastinum, and from thence crosses to the neck and over the whole subcutaneous and intermuscular cellular substance of the body."1In 1939 Hamman2reported seven cases of spontaneous mediastinal emphysema—that is, mediastinal emphysema occurring in...Bibliography1. Laennec RT: A treatise on diseases of the chest and on mediate auscultation, translated by John Forbes, 2nd Ed., 1827, T. & G. Underwood, London. Google Scholar2. Hamman L: Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 64: 1, 1939. Google Scholar3. Draper AJ: Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax, Amer. J. Med. 5: 59, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Dickie HA: Spontaneous mediastinal emphysema and spontaneous pneumothorax—a report of 20 cases, Ann. Intern. Med. 28: 618, 1948. LinkGoogle Scholar5. Phillips P: Subcutaneous emphysema during labour, Brit. Med. J. 1: 54, 1938. Google Scholar6. ClarkSynnott EMJ: Influenza-pneumonia cases showing gas in fascial tissues, Amer. J. Med. Sci. 157: 219, 1919. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. Schwartz E: Spontaneous mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema complicating bronchial asthma, J. Allergy 16: 279, 1945. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Wilkinson P: Subcutaneous emphysema in smallpox, Brit. Med. J. 2: 56, 1943. 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FineFrehlingStarr JSA: Experimental observations on the effect of 95% oxygen on the absorption of air from the body tissues, J. Thor. Surg. 4: 635, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar21. Schulte JH: Treatment of pneumomediastinum with increased air pressure, U. S. Armed Forces Med. J. 8: 469, 1957. MedlineGoogle Scholar22. NormanRizzolo JCPJ: Subcutaneous, mediastinal and probable subpericardial emphysema treated with recompression, New Engl. J. Med. 261: 269, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. AisnerFranco MJE: Mediastinal emphysema, New Engl. J. Med. 241: 818, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland*Received for publication May 13, 1960.From the Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University and Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.†Henry Strong Denison Fellow for 1959-60.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Gerald P. 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