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A photorefractive effect was observed in a fullerene (C₆₀) -doped organic composite containing polyvinylcarbazole and a second-order molecule, diethyl-amino-nitrostyrene (DEANST). Electro-optic modulation and degenerate four-wave mixing experiments were conducted. The material shows relatively high electro-optic coefficient, photocharge generation quantum efficiency, and photorefractive diffraction efficiency.
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Zhang et al. (1992) studied this question.
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