Zirconia coatings were formed on graphite and titanium substrates by electrodeposition. The as‐deposited coatings were amorphous and cracked during the drying stage. Sintering of the coatings on the graphite substrates caused crystallization, with formation of a variety of mixtures of the tetragonal and monoclinic polymorphs having nanosize crystallites. Oxidation of the Ti substrate and reaction with zirconia during the heat‐treatment resulted in addition to a microstructure resembling ceramic composite coatings.
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Chaim et al. (1991) studied this question.