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The well-known drift cyclotron loss cone mode is shown to couple nonlinearly to a low frequency stable Rayleigh–Taylor mode through the process of nonlinear Landau damping. When the drift cyclotron loss cone mode is linearly marginally stable, this coupling leads to an explosive instability, the time scale for which is in some agreement with experimental time scales.
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Nicholson et al. (1979) studied this question.
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