3D Printing of a Heart With Amyloidosis

Cardiac Amyloidosis is a restrictive cardiomyopathy caused by the accumulation of amyloid protein in the heart.The advances in non-invasive diagnosis have been increasing its identification among patients with Heart Failure (HF), being previously considered to be a rare condition.Currently, it represents around 13% of the cases of Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).We report the case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented to the clinic reporting dyspnea and fatigue in loweffort activities.Laboratory exams were conducted, revealing increased cardiac markers, along with evidence of ventricular hypertrophy in electrocardiographic analysis.Cardiac imaging, serum free light chain (AL) assay, and endomyocardial biopsy indicated the diagnosis of AL amyloidosis.A three-dimensional model was constructed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.This model is intended to increase the awareness around amyloidosis as a possible differential diagnosis of HF, while also promoting patients' and families' education, demonstrating the typical structural abnormalities of the disease.