Effect of Rosuvastatin on Rabbit Valve Interstitial Cell Differentiation Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-Β1 based on Α – Smooth Muscle Actin Expression

Objective: This study aims to show thatRosuvastatin's inhibitory ability on how myofibroblasts are formed from valve interstitial cells. Methods: The design of this study is an in vitro laboratory experiment using a control group only after the test. A New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) male 12 weeks old heart valve was extracted, and interstitial valve cells were isolated. Valve interstitial cells were induced by fibrosis by administering TGF-β1 5 ng/ml and then treated with rosuvastatin at 10 µM/L, 25 µM/L, dan 50 µM/L. Results: On immunohistochemical staining of TGF-β1-induced valve interstitial cells, the expression of α-SMA 23474 (18452 - 25671) showed myofibroblast differentiation. Administration of Rosuvastatin at doses of 10 µM/L, 25 µM/L, and 50 µM/L significantly decreased α-SMA expression in TGF-β1-induced valve interstitial cells (4.975 (4.08-13.4), 3.955 (2.88-6.82), 3.9 (2.36- 5.01) (p<0.01)). Comparing a rosuvastatin dose of 10 µM/L with 25 µM/L and a dose of 10 µM/L with 50 µM/L found a significant difference in the decrease in α-SMA expression (p<0.001). Comparing the rosuvastatin dose of 25 µM/L with 50 µM/L did not find a significant difference in the decrease in α-SMA expression (p=0.74). Conclusion: Rosuvastatin can significantly inhibit myofibroblast differentiation in interstitial valve cells induced byTGF-β1.