Perspectives of older people engaging in nurse-led cardiovascular prevention programmes: a qualitative study in primary care in the Netherlands

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular prevention programmes are increasingly being offered to older people. To achieve the proposed benefits, adherence is crucial. Understanding the reasons for adherence and non-adherence can improve preventive care. AIM: To gain insight into what motivates older people living in the community to partake in a cardiovascular prevention programme, and reasons for subsequent continuation or withdrawal. DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative study of current and former participants of the ongoing ≥6 year PreDIVA (prevention of dementia by intensive vascular care) trial in primary care practices in suburban areas in the Netherlands. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 15 participants (aged 76-82 years). Interviews were audiorecorded and analysed by two independent researchers using a thematic approach. Participants were asked about their motivation for participating in the programme, along with the facilitators and barriers to continue doing so. RESULTS: Responders reported that regular check-ups offered a feeling of safety, control, or being looked after, and were an important motivator for participation. For successful continuation, a personal relationship with the nurse and a coaching approach were both essential; the lack of these, along with frequent changes of nursing staff, were considered to be barriers. Participants considered general preventive advice unnecessary or patronising, but practical support was appreciated. CONCLUSION: To successfully engage older people in long-term, preventive consultations, the approach of the healthcare provider is crucial. Key elements are to offer regular check-ups, use a coaching approach and to build a personal relationship with the patient.