Critical review identifies structural economic, tenure, and environmental barriers in forestry systems, highlighting the need for aligned incentives and landscape-level governance.
Climate-smart forestry practices in Cameroon are promoted as integrated solutions for climate mitigation, adaptation, biodiversity conservation, and livelihood improvement, yet their implementation remains uneven across forest management systems. This review synthesizes evidence on key practices (reduced impact logging, forest certification, reforestation, and agroforestry), and identifies interconnected economic, social and environmental barriers limiting their adoption. Major constraints include high upfront costs, delayed financial returns, weak market incentives, limited access to climate finance, land and tree tenure insecurity, low stakeholder awareness, weak participation and environmental challenges such as forest degradation and climate variability. These barriers affect both adopters and non-adopters, undermining effectiveness and scalability. The study concludes that these challenges are structural rather than technical and argues for integrated approaches that align economic incentives, tenure security, inclusive governance, climate finance and landscape-level planning to enhance climate-smart forestry outcomes in Cameroon.
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Awazi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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