In Vitro Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Quercetin Thiourea Derivative

Background and Aims: Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid with diverse biological and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities.Flavonoid compounds such as quercetin have demonstrated therapeutic potential against several cancer types, including liver, colorectal, and breast cancers.This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of thiourea derivative of quercetin. Materials and Methods:The biological activities of the quercetin thiourea derivative were assessed against selected bacterial and fungal strains, as well as liver cancer cells.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the agar well diffusion method.Anticancer activity against liver cancer cells was evaluated using the MTT assay.Results: The quercetin thiourea derivative exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (MW972221.1),Burkholderia spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, with MIC values of 1, 15, 10, and 0.8 mg/mL, respectively.It also demonstrated antifungal activity against Candida species, with MICs of 5 mg/mL for C. krusei and C. tropicalis, 1 mg/mL for C. albicans, and 30 mg/mL for C. glabrata.The compound showed cytotoxic effects on liver cancer cells, with IC₅₀ values of 300, 224, and 31.5 μg/mL at 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. Conclusion:The quercetin thiourea derivative represents a biologically active compound with promising antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties.Its inhibitory effect on liver carcinoma cell growth is likely mediated through apoptosis induction.These findings suggest that the quercetin thiourea derivative could serve as a potential lead compound for antimicrobial and anticancer drug development, warranting further investigation.