Key result
Age-adjusted mortality rates for diabetes and myocardial infarction declined from 1999 to 2018 but surged significantly to 12.27 per 100,000 in 2021, with an annual percent change of 7.27.
Why the study?
Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of myocardial infarction, but trends in mortality stratified by demographic and geographical parameters required evaluation.
Observational (n=712,921)
Effect estimate: APC 7.27 (95% CI 4.77-8.95)
Absolute Event Rate: 12.27% vs 10.2%
p-value: p=<0.000001
Mortality from diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction in the US declined steadily from 1999 to 2018 but surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, with persistent disparities showing higher mortality in men, non-Hispanic Black populations, and rural areas.
DM-MI mortality declined overall but reversed during pandemic with persistent disparities; leaves open targeted prevention research before practice implications.
Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of having myocardial infarction (MI). We aim to identify the trends in the mortality rates from DM and MI among US adults stratified by demographic and geographical parameters. Methods: The CDC-WONDER database was used to extract death certificate data for adults aged ≥25 years. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and temporal trends were identified by calculating annual percent change (APC) using JoinPoint regression analysis. Results: From 1999 to 2023, a total of 712,921 DM and MI-related deaths were reported among adults in the United States. The AAMR significantly declined from 18.99 in 1999 to 10.20 in 2018 Following this, the AAMR rose to 12.27 in 2021, with an APC of 7.2 (95 % CI: 4.7 to 8.9). This was followed by a decline in AAMR to the pre-pandemic levels (AAMR: 9.6 in 2023). The AAMR for males was considerably higher compared to women throughout the study period (16.5 vs. 10.2). Non-Hispanic Black or African American people had the highest AAMR (19.5), followed by Hispanic or Latino people (15.3), NH white people (12.5), and NH other populations (11.2). Southern region and rural areas experienced higher mortality rates compared to urban areas. Conclusion: We observed decreasing trends in DM and myocardial infarction-related deaths throughout the study period, however, a surge was noted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mortality is higher among men, NH black populations, and rural areas.
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Hussain et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction mortality (n=712,921). Time period (1999-2023) was evaluated on Age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) per 100,000 persons (APC 7.27, 95% CI 4.77-8.95, p=<0.000001). Age-adjusted mortality rates for diabetes and myocardial infarction declined from 1999 to 2018 but surged significantly to 12.27 per 100,000 in 2021, with an annual percent change of 7.27.
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