Longitudinal and transverse phase space information has been obtained from a statistical analysis of fluctuations in the radiation spectrum of an electron bunch. Uncorrelated shot noise fluctuations in longitudinal beam density result in incoherent radiation with a spectrum that consists of spikes, with width inversely proportional to the bunch length. Measurements were performed at λ0ex0ex=0ex0ex620nm on a 1--5 ps long, 44 MeV bunch propagating through a wiggler. Bunch length and emittance obtained with this single shot technique agree with independent measurements.
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Catravas et al. (1999) studied this question.