Key result
The overall incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xi'an significantly increased from 91.68 per 100,000 in 2008 to 335.64 per 100,000 in 2015, predominantly affecting children under 5 years.
Why the study?
Hand, foot and mouth disease severely impairs high incidence countries such as China, prompting investigation of its epidemic pattern by time and region in Northwestern China.
Observational (n=154,869)
Absolute Event Rate: 335.64% vs 91.68%
p-value: p=<0.05
The incidence of HFMD in Xi'an, China increased significantly from 2008 to 2015, predominantly affecting boys under 5 years old and driven primarily by the EVA71 enterovirus, highlighting the need for targeted vaccination and seasonal prevention.
Rising incidence may warrant enhanced surveillance in young children; extends regional epidemiology but leaves open vaccination effects.
BACKGROUND: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses that has a severely impair for those high incidence countries such as China.The current study aimed to investigate the epidemic pattern of HFMD by time and region in Northwestern China. METHODS: All reported HFMD cases from 2008 to 2015 were collected from local Disease Control and Prevention.The HFMD was diagnosed in accordance with the guidebook provided by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. RESULTS: A total of 154,869 cases of probable HFMD were reported. The overall incidence of HFMD has been increased from 91.68 per 100/000 in 2008 to 335.64 per 100/000 in 2015.The case mortality is decreased from 0.014 per100/000 to 0.011 per 100/000 during the time period. Most HFMD (93.82%) occurred in children younger than 5 years. The seasonal peak of HFMD infections occurred in April-July and September-November and Central regions of Xi'an city were the major locations of the clusters (incidence rate 245.75/100,000; relative risk 1.19, P < 0.01). EVA71 was the predominant enterovirus serotype, accounting for 50.0% of all reported HFMD cases since 2011.The most susceptible group infected by HFMD was children younger than 5 years, especially boys. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of HFMD has been increasing in the past few years, however, the case fatality is decreasing. Season and region shall be considered as influence factors in the prevention of HFMD.
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Liu et al. (2019) conducted an observational in Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (n=154,869). Time period (2008-2015) vs. 2008 (baseline) was evaluated on Incidence rate of HFMD per 100,000 (p=<0.05). The overall incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xi'an significantly increased from 91.68 per 100,000 in 2008 to 335.64 per 100,000 in 2015, predominantly affecting children under 5 years.
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