Key result
CAR expression was detected in 56% of endometrial adenocarcinoma cases and was significantly associated with tumor histological grade, as well-differentiated tumors more frequently lacked CAR expression.
Observational (n=41)
No
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CAR expression is present in a majority of endometrial adenocarcinomas and correlates with histological grade and type, suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker for future adenovirus-mediated gene therapy.
The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a crucial receptor for the entry of both coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses into host cells. CAR expression on tumor cells was reported to be associated with their sensitivity to adenoviral infection, while it was considered as a surrogate marker for monitoring and/or predicting the outcome of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of CAR expression in endometrial adenocarcinoma. CAR expression was assessed immunohistochemically in tumoral samples of 41 endometrial adenocarcinoma patients and was statistically analyzed in relation to various clinicopathological parameters, tumor proliferative capacity and patient survival. CAR positivity was noted in 23 out of 41 (56%) endometrial adenocarcinoma cases, while high CAR expression in 8 out of 23 (35%) positive ones. CAR intensity of immunostaining was classified as mild in 11 (48%), moderate in 10 (43%) and intense in 2 (9%) out of the 23 positive cases. CAR positivity was significantly associated with tumor histological grade (p = 0.036), as well differentiated tumors more frequently demonstrating no CAR expression. CAR staining intensity was significantly associated with tumor histological type (p = 0.016), as tumors possessing squamous elements presented more frequently intense CAR immunostaining. High CAR expression showed a trend to be correlated with increased tumor proliferative capacity (p = 0.057). Patients with tumors presenting moderate or intense CAR staining intensity were characterized by longer survival times than those with mild one; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. These data reveal, for the first time, the expression of CAR in clinical material obtained from patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma in relation to important clinicopathological parameters for their management. As CAR appears to modulate the proliferation and characteristics of cancer cells, its expression could be considered of possible clinical importance for future (gene) therapy applications.
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Ζάρρος et al. (2008) conducted an observational in Endometrial adenocarcinoma (n=41). Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression vs. No CAR expression was evaluated on Association of CAR positivity with tumor histological grade (p=0.036). CAR expression was detected in 56% of endometrial adenocarcinoma cases and was significantly associated with tumor histological grade, as well-differentiated tumors more frequently lacked CAR expression.
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