Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Following the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Pyridinium Ylides

Pyridinium ylides generated from simple Krohnke salts undergo a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) offering a simple and convenient method for the covalent modification of carbon nanotubes. The indolizine functionalized SWNTs generated, emit blue light when excited at 335 nm. The location and distribution of the functional groups was determined by AFM using electrostatic interactions with gold nanoparticles. While resonance Raman spectroscopy showed that the 1,3-dipolar cylcloaddition of the pyridinium ylides to the nanotube surface was selective for metallic and large diameter semiconducting SWNTs. The indolizine functionalized SWNTs were further characterized using FTIR, UV-vis-NIR, TGA-MS, and XPS.