Key result
Novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3′UTR of the TNV-D genome, including a conserved RNA hairpin (SLX), were identified as important for efficient genome accumulation and virus survival.
Why the study?
While the 3′ untranslated region of Tobacco necrosis virus strain D contains several known regulatory elements, the sequence located upstream of the 3′-cap independent translation enhancer had remained unexamined.
Identified novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3'UTR of the TNV-D genome that are important for virus survival.
Remains preclinical; leaves open whether these elements can be targeted in human viral pathogens.
RNA elements in the untranslated regions of plus-strand RNA viruses can control a variety of viral processes including translation, replication, packaging, and subgenomic mRNA production. The 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of Tobacco necrosis virus strain D (TNV-D; genus Betanecrovirus, family Tombusviridae) contains several well studied regulatory RNA elements. Here, we explore a previously unexamined region of the viral 3′UTR, the sequence located upstream of the 3′-cap independent translation enhancer (3′CITE). Our results indicate that (i) a long-range RNA–RNA interaction between an internal RNA element and the 3′UTR facilitates translational readthrough, and may also promote viral RNA synthesis; (ii) a conserved RNA hairpin, SLX, is required for efficient genome accumulation; and (iii) an adenine-rich region upstream of the 3′CITE is dispensable, but can modulate genome accumulation. These findings identified novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3′UTR of the TNV-D genome that are important for virus survival.
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Newburn et al. (2020) studied Tobacco necrosis virus strain D. Novel RNA elements in the 3′UTR was evaluated on Viral translation, replication, and genome accumulation. Novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3′UTR of the TNV-D genome, including a conserved RNA hairpin (SLX), were identified as important for efficient genome accumulation and virus survival.
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