Gas chromatographic resolution of homologous monoacyl and monoalkylglycerols

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Homologous series of 1 and 2 monoacyl and monoalkyl‐sn‐glycerols with 0–6 double bonds were resolved by gas liquid chromatography as the trimethylsilyl ethers and acetates using ethylene glycolsuccinate siloxane, cyanopropylphenylsiloxane, and methylsiloxane liquid phases. The trimethylsilyl ethers gave effective separation of positional isomers and saturated and unsaturated derivatives of acylglycerols on both ethylene glycolsuccinate siloxane and cyanopropylphenylsiloxane, columns. The corresponding acetyl esters were eluted on the basis of unsaturation, but positional isomers overlapped. The ethylene glycol‐succinate siloxane and cyanopropylphenylsiloxane columns resolved the positional isomers and saturated and unsaturated species of the alkylglycerols when chromatographed as the acetates, while the corresponding trimethylsilyl ethers were separated on the basis of unsaturation only. On methylsiloxane columns essentially complete overlapping was observed among the positional isomers within each acyl and alkylglycerol series when chromatographed as the acetates. There was an effective resolution of the positional isomers of the acylglycerols as the trimethylsilyl ethers on methylsiloxane. From methylsiloxane, the alkenylglycerols were eluted earlier than the alkylglycerols of corresponding carbon numbers. These species were not separated on conventional ethylene glycol‐succinate siloxane or cyanopropylphenylsiloxane columns.